Files
LithosAnanake/v4/system/boot.c
T
rajamesandClaude Opus 5.5 a041b401ea feat(v4.0.0): a node is sent text as a message and sends back what it prints
MESH.md step 3.  The ports are the transport; the message is what is
transported: to, from, type, heat and TTL, ACL tag, sequence, length, then
text four characters to a word.

- quit.v4: a node with nothing to do is blocked reading "any port"; text
  for it is interpreted; (FINISH) sends what it printed and then how the
  text ended, and it waits again
- core.v4: EMIT keeps what is printed, (FLUSH-OUT) and (HDR) send it to the
  sender on the port the message came on.  EMIT still needs one free data
  cell and no more; it works on the return stack and in A and B
- message.h/.c: the same format for whatever is on a port and is not a node
- boot.c: the boot is the node's console on port 1 and its kernel on port 0
- the prompt tests are a console that speaks messages
- gone: v4_line_begin, v4_line_done, v4_line_status; writing a node's input
  buffer and setting its P from outside; any use of CONSOLE-TX

Verified: make -C v4 test (test_host_quit.c 1283 checks, the full-stack
figures unchanged) and make -C v4 sanitize pass; hosted-check passes on
three ISAs with POST 550 of 550; clean qemu with STARFORTH_V4=1 passes POST
and answers lines typed at each prompt on amd64, aarch64 and riscv64
(logs/20261006-110551, -111621, -111341).  -110837 is an aarch64 run ended
by the test wrapper's limit while still in UEFI firmware; it shows nothing
about v4.

Not done: KEY, EXPECT and QUERY still read the console's input registers;
a message not for this node is let go (step 4).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-06 11:19:46 -04:00

405 lines
15 KiB
C

/* boot.c -- the nucleus, then its capsules, then the prompt. See boot.h.
*
* Nothing here uses the C library: the bare-metal kernel links this file.
* It is not part of the engine (v4/src): it needs the capsule directory,
* which only a whole system has.
*/
#include "v4/boot.h"
#include "v4/message.h"
#include "starkernel/capsule.h"
#include "starkernel/capsule_generated.h"
#include "starkernel/capsule_sig.h"
#include "starkernel/capsule_blocks.h"
/* The capsules, in the order they are loaded. */
/* POST is part of the boot: v4:post79.4th is loaded after the vocabulary it
* tests and must end with a clean tally. -DV4_POST_AT_BOOT=0 leaves it
* out, for work on a vocabulary that does not pass yet. */
#ifndef V4_POST_AT_BOOT
#define V4_POST_AT_BOOT 1
#endif
static const char *const boot_capsules[] = {
"v4:forth79.4th",
#if V4_POST_AT_BOOT
"v4:post79.4th",
#endif
};
#define LINE_MAX 1025u /* a line is at most 1024 characters, a block */
#define STEP_LIMIT 4000000000ULL /* instruction words one line may take */
/* ---- printing ------------------------------------------------------------ */
static void say(const v4_boot *b, const char *s)
{
unsigned len = 0;
while (s[len]) len++;
b->out(s, len);
}
static void say_dec(const v4_boot *b, uint32_t v)
{
char buf[10];
unsigned i = sizeof buf;
do { buf[--i] = (char)('0' + v % 10u); v /= 10u; } while (v);
b->out(buf + i, (unsigned)sizeof buf - i);
}
static void say_hex(const v4_boot *b, uint64_t v)
{
char buf[18];
unsigned i;
buf[0] = '0'; buf[1] = 'x';
for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) buf[2 + i] = "0123456789abcdef"[(v >> (60 - 4 * i)) & 15u];
b->out(buf, sizeof buf);
}
/* ---- hashing: FNV-1a, 64 bits, as kernel/src/vm/parity.c ----------------- */
#define FNV_OFFSET 0xcbf29ce484222325ULL
#define FNV_PRIME 0x00000100000001b3ULL
static uint64_t hash_cell(uint64_t h, v4_cell c)
{
v4_ucell u = (v4_ucell)c;
unsigned i;
for (i = 0; i < V4_CELL_BITS / 8; i++) {
h ^= (uint64_t)((u >> (8 * i)) & 0xffu);
h *= FNV_PRIME;
}
return h;
}
uint64_t v4_boot_dict_hash(const v4_node *n, const v4_image *im)
{
uint64_t h = FNV_OFFSET;
v4_cell here = (n->mem[im->dp] + 3) / 4, k;
if (here < 0) here = 0;
if (here > (v4_cell)V4_NODE_WORDS) here = (v4_cell)V4_NODE_WORDS;
for (k = 0; k < here; k++) h = hash_cell(h, n->mem[k]);
return hash_cell(h, n->mem[im->latest]);
}
/* how many words FORTH holds: the list from LATEST, each entry's link in the
* cell before its code */
static uint32_t word_count(const v4_node *n, const v4_image *im)
{
v4_cell xt = n->mem[im->latest];
uint32_t count = 0;
while (xt > 0 && xt < (v4_cell)V4_NODE_WORDS && count < (uint32_t)V4_NODE_WORDS) {
count++;
xt = n->mem[xt - 1];
}
return count;
}
/* ---- handing the node a line ---------------------------------------------- */
/* POST's verdict. The POST capsule ends by printing one line,
* PARITY:V4_POST tests=N pass=N fail=N
* and the boot passes only if it has seen that line with fail=0. That no
* line was refused is not enough: a POST that was broken half way would
* refuse nothing. */
static char post_line[96];
static unsigned post_len;
static int post_seen, post_clean;
static int text_at(const char *line, unsigned len, unsigned at, const char *want)
{
unsigned i;
for (i = 0; want[i]; i++)
if (at + i >= len || line[at + i] != want[i]) return 0;
return 1;
}
static void post_watch(char c)
{
static const char clean[] = " fail=0";
if (c != '\n') {
if (post_len < sizeof post_line) post_line[post_len++] = c;
return;
}
if (text_at(post_line, post_len, 0, "PARITY:V4_POST ")) {
post_seen = 1;
post_clean = post_len >= sizeof clean - 1 && text_at(post_line, post_len, post_len - (unsigned)(sizeof clean - 1), clean);
}
post_len = 0;
}
/* The boot is the node's neighbour on two of its ports. On port 0 it is
* the kernel: the node writes the number of a request there (ENGINE.md
* 3.3). On port 1 it is the console: it writes the node a message of text
* and reads back messages of what the node printed and of how the text
* ended (message.h). */
#define KERNEL_PORT 0u
#define CONSOLE_PORT 1u
#define CONSOLE_ID 1 /* the console's number as a sender; the node's is 0 until it is given one */
int v4_boot_line(const v4_boot *b, const char *text, unsigned len)
{
static v4_message out, in; /* one line at a time: the boot is not re-entered */
v4_node *n = b->n;
uint64_t steps = 0;
unsigned sent = 0, i;
if (!v4_message_text(&out, 0, CONSOLE_ID, V4_MSG_TEXT, text, len)) return V4_BOOT_LINE_TOO_LONG;
in.count = 0;
for (;;) {
(void)v4_exec_step_word(n, b->es, b->h);
if (n->stopped) return V4_BOOT_LINE_STOPPED;
if (n->asking && n->ask_port == KERNEL_PORT) { /* a request: the kernel's turn */
if (b->serve && n->request >= 1 && n->request <= (v4_cell)b->word_count) {
b->serve(n, (unsigned)n->request);
v4_node_port_served(n);
} else {
/* a request no one serves is an error, as any other (D-18):
* 12, Argument out of range */
v4_node_port_served(n);
v4_node_store(n, n->error_reg, 12); /* a store to NODE-ERROR raises it */
}
continue;
}
if (n->asking && n->ask_port == CONSOLE_PORT) { /* a word of a message from the node */
v4_cell word = n->request;
v4_node_port_served(n);
if (v4_message_word(&in, word)) {
unsigned chars = v4_message_length(&in);
if (v4_message_type(&in) == V4_MSG_OUTPUT) {
for (i = 0; i < chars; i++) {
char c = v4_message_char(&in, i);
post_watch(c);
b->out(&c, 1);
}
} else if (v4_message_type(&in) == V4_MSG_DONE) {
return (int)in.word[V4_MSG_HEADER];
}
in.count = 0;
}
continue;
}
if (n->asking) return V4_BOOT_LINE_STOPPED; /* a port with nothing on it */
if (n->reading && !n->given) {
if (sent < out.count && (n->read_port == CONSOLE_PORT || n->read_port == V4_PORT_ANY)) {
v4_node_port_give(n, CONSOLE_PORT, out.word[sent++]); /* a word of the message to the node */
continue;
}
return V4_BOOT_LINE_STOPPED; /* waiting for what will not come */
}
if (v4_image_waiting(n, b->im)) { /* the text is reading the keyboard */
int c = b->key ? b->key() : V4_BOOT_KEY_END;
unsigned char ch = (unsigned char)c;
if (c == V4_BOOT_KEY_END) return V4_BOOT_LINE_NO_INPUT;
if (c >= 0) (void)v4_node_console_feed(n, &ch, 1u);
continue;
}
if (++steps > STEP_LIMIT) return V4_BOOT_LINE_STOPPED;
}
}
/* ---- one capsule --------------------------------------------------------- */
static void say_where(const v4_boot *b, const char *name, uint32_t block, uint32_t line)
{
say(b, "\nV4: capsule "); say(b, name);
say(b, " block "); say_dec(b, block);
say(b, " line "); say_dec(b, line);
}
static int load_capsule(const v4_boot *b, const char *name)
{
const CapsuleDirHeader *dir = capsule_get_directory();
const CapsuleDesc *descs = capsule_get_descriptors();
const CapsuleNameEntry *names = capsule_get_names();
const uint8_t *arena = capsule_get_arena();
const CapsuleDesc *cap;
const uint8_t *p, *end;
CapsuleValidateResult vr;
CapsuleSigResult sr;
uint32_t block = 0, line = 0;
int in_block = 0;
cap = capsule_find_by_name(dir, descs, names, name);
if (!cap) { say(b, "V4: capsule "); say(b, name); say(b, " is not in this binary\n"); return 0; }
vr = capsule_validate(cap, arena, dir->arena_size, 1);
if (vr != CAPSULE_VALID) {
say(b, "V4: capsule "); say(b, name); say(b, ": "); say(b, capsule_validate_result_str(vr)); say(b, "\n");
return 0;
}
sr = capsule_verify_signature(descs, names, capsule_get_signatures(), arena, dir->desc_count, (int)(cap - descs));
if (sr != CAPSULE_SIG_OK) {
say(b, "V4: capsule "); say(b, name); say(b, " signature: "); say(b, capsule_sig_result_str(sr)); say(b, "\n");
if (sr == CAPSULE_SIG_INVALID) return 0;
}
p = capsule_get_payload(cap, arena);
if (!p) { say(b, "V4: capsule "); say(b, name); say(b, " has no payload\n"); return 0; }
end = p + cap->length;
while (p < end) {
const uint8_t *after, *nl;
uint32_t num;
unsigned len, i;
char text[LINE_MAX];
if (capsule_block_header(p, end, &num, &after)) {
block = num; line = 0; in_block = 1; p = after;
continue;
}
for (nl = p; nl < end && *nl != '\n'; nl++) { }
len = (unsigned)(nl - p);
if (len && p[len - 1] == '\r') len--;
if (in_block) {
line++;
if (len >= LINE_MAX) { say_where(b, name, block, line); say(b, " is too long\n"); return 0; }
if (len) {
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) text[i] = (char)p[i];
int how = v4_boot_line(b, text, len);
if (how != V4_TEXT_COMPLETED) {
say_where(b, name, block, line);
say(b, how == V4_TEXT_ERROR ? " ended in an error: "
: how == V4_TEXT_QUIT ? " ended with QUIT: "
: how == V4_BOOT_LINE_NO_INPUT ? " reads the keyboard: "
: " stopped the node: ");
b->out(text, len); say(b, "\n");
return 0;
}
}
}
p = (nl < end) ? nl + 1 : end;
}
say(b, "PARITY:V4_CAPSULE name="); say(b, name);
say(b, " capsule_id="); say_hex(b, cap->capsule_id);
say(b, " capsule_hash="); say_hex(b, cap->content_hash);
say(b, " dict_hash="); say_hex(b, v4_boot_dict_hash(b->n, b->im));
say(b, "\n");
return 1;
}
/* ---- the nucleus ----------------------------------------------------------- */
/* The nucleus is a capsule of F18 code (v4/include/v4/capsule.h): the words
* themselves, to be written to the port of a node that has nothing in it.
* The boot is that node's neighbour. It finds the capsule, checks its hash
* and its signature as it does any capsule's, and gives the node a word
* each time it reads its port, until the node has taken them all and is
* where the nucleus waits to be handed a line. */
#define NUCLEUS_NAME_(bits) "v4:nucleus-" #bits ".f18"
#define NUCLEUS_NAME__(bits) NUCLEUS_NAME_(bits)
#define NUCLEUS_NAME NUCLEUS_NAME__(V4_CELL_BITS)
#define CELL_BYTES (V4_CELL_BITS / 8)
static int load_nucleus(const v4_boot *b)
{
const CapsuleDirHeader *dir = capsule_get_directory();
const CapsuleDesc *descs = capsule_get_descriptors();
const CapsuleNameEntry *names = capsule_get_names();
const uint8_t *arena = capsule_get_arena();
const CapsuleDesc *cap;
const uint8_t *p;
CapsuleValidateResult vr;
CapsuleSigResult sr;
v4_node *n = b->n;
uint64_t words, at = 0, steps = 0;
cap = capsule_find_by_name(dir, descs, names, NUCLEUS_NAME);
if (!cap) { say(b, "V4: capsule " NUCLEUS_NAME " is not in this binary\n"); return 0; }
vr = capsule_validate(cap, arena, dir->arena_size, 1);
if (vr != CAPSULE_VALID) {
say(b, "V4: capsule " NUCLEUS_NAME ": "); say(b, capsule_validate_result_str(vr)); say(b, "\n");
return 0;
}
sr = capsule_verify_signature(descs, names, capsule_get_signatures(), arena, dir->desc_count, (int)(cap - descs));
if (sr != CAPSULE_SIG_OK) {
say(b, "V4: capsule " NUCLEUS_NAME " signature: "); say(b, capsule_sig_result_str(sr)); say(b, "\n");
if (sr == CAPSULE_SIG_INVALID) return 0;
}
p = capsule_get_payload(cap, arena);
if (!p || cap->length % CELL_BYTES != 0) { say(b, "V4: capsule " NUCLEUS_NAME " is not whole words\n"); return 0; }
words = cap->length / CELL_BYTES;
/* until it has taken every word and is waiting for a message: reading
* its ports again, but from its memory now and not from the port */
while (at < words || !(n->reading && !n->given && n->p != b->im->port + (v4_cell)V4_PORT_ANY)) {
(void)v4_exec_step_word(n, b->es, b->h);
if (n->stopped || n->asking || ++steps > STEP_LIMIT) {
say(b, "V4: the node did not take the nucleus in\n");
return 0;
}
if (n->reading && !n->given) {
v4_ucell word = 0;
unsigned i;
if (at >= words) {
if (n->p != b->im->port + (v4_cell)V4_PORT_ANY) break; /* it is waiting for a message */
say(b, "V4: the node wants more than the nucleus holds\n");
return 0;
}
for (i = 0; i < CELL_BYTES; i++) word |= (v4_ucell)p[at * CELL_BYTES + i] << (8 * i);
v4_node_port_give(n, 0, (v4_cell)word);
at++;
}
}
say(b, "PARITY:V4_NUCLEUS name=" NUCLEUS_NAME);
say(b, " capsule_id="); say_hex(b, cap->capsule_id);
say(b, " capsule_hash="); say_hex(b, cap->content_hash);
say(b, " words="); say_dec(b, word_count(n, b->im));
say(b, "\n");
return 1;
}
/* ---- the whole boot ------------------------------------------------------ */
int v4_boot_run(const v4_boot *b, unsigned char *disk, unsigned blocks)
{
unsigned i;
post_len = 0; post_seen = 0; post_clean = 0;
/* a node is born with nothing in it, and is sent the nucleus */
if (!v4_image_born(b->n, b->es, b->h, b->im, disk, blocks)) {
say(b, "V4: the nucleus is not for this build of the engine\nPARITY:FAIL\nPOST: FAILED\n");
return 0;
}
if (!load_nucleus(b)) { say(b, "PARITY:FAIL\nPOST: FAILED\n"); return 0; }
/* the kernel's words, before any capsule that might use one */
for (i = 0; i < b->word_count; i++) {
char text[64];
unsigned at = 0, k, num = i + 1, div = 1;
while (num / div >= 10) div *= 10;
for (; div; div /= 10) text[at++] = (char)('0' + num / div % 10);
for (k = 0; " KERNEL-WORD "[k]; k++) text[at++] = " KERNEL-WORD "[k];
for (k = 0; b->words[i][k] && at < sizeof text; k++) text[at++] = b->words[i][k];
if (b->words[i][k] || v4_boot_line(b, text, at) != V4_TEXT_COMPLETED) {
say(b, "V4: kernel word "); say(b, b->words[i]); say(b, " could not be made\nPARITY:FAIL\nPOST: FAILED\n");
return 0;
}
}
for (i = 0; i < sizeof boot_capsules / sizeof boot_capsules[0]; i++)
if (!load_capsule(b, boot_capsules[i])) { say(b, "PARITY:FAIL\nPOST: FAILED\n"); return 0; }
#if V4_POST_AT_BOOT
if (!post_seen || !post_clean) {
say(b, post_seen ? "V4: POST reported failures\n" : "V4: POST did not report\n");
say(b, "PARITY:FAIL\nPOST: FAILED\n");
return 0;
}
#endif
/* The kernel's words and the capsules are the system: COLD comes back
* to here, and FORGET will not go below it. */
v4_image_seal(b->n, b->im);
#if V4_POST_AT_BOOT
say(b, "PARITY:OK\nPOST: PASSED\n");
#else
say(b, "PARITY:OK\n");
#endif
return 1;
}